Perhaps this is a testament to SPARK/Ada's focus on secure programming? Ada jumps to number 11 from 25 https://www.tiobe.com/tiobe-index/ I gained new respect for the Pascal family of languages after I started working with Delphi and later teaching introduction to programming. Much of Ada is influenced by Pascal. Brian -- Brian Lavender https://www.brie.com/brian/ "There are two ways of constructing a software design. One way is to make it so simple that there are obviously no deficiencies. And the other way is to make it so complicated that there are no obvious deficiencies." Professor C. A. R. Hoare The 1980 Turing award lecture